Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common form of cardiac arrhythmia characterized by disordered electrical activity in the atria which results in ineffective contraction of the atria and supraventricular tachyarrhythmia. Turbulent blood flow in the heart due to irregular rhythm increases the risk of forming thrombi in the atria, primarily in the left atrial appendage, which can result in an embolic stroke. There are several adverse events associated with AF, such as systemic embolism, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, and even death. Indeed, there is a five-fold increased risk of stroke in AF and a two-fold increase in mortality compared to non-AF patients. 

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