Cachexia is a complex, multifactorial, and multi-organ metabolic syndrome found in the late stages of serious illnesses including cancer, kidney disease, HIV, and congestive heart failure. The disease is characterized by muscle wasting and subsequent weight loss, a possible loss of body fat, as well as loss of appetite, with metabolic disorders occurring prior to these physical signs. Cachexia affects the quality of life of patients and is associated with early mortality and poor treatment response. It is estimated that approximately 80% of cancer patients suffer from cachexia, and that cancer cachexia is directly responsible for 30% of all cancer deaths. The condition is distinct from normal weight loss and cannot be reversed completely, even with nutritional support or an adequate calorie intake. 

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